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Dead capital, 193box
Debt:
 CPI-indexed,
64
public,
18fig, 19fig,
43, 94fig,
196
subordinated,
108, 114
Debt crises, 78
Debt markets, 64
Debtor programs, 69
Demand deposits, 49
Deposit insurance:
bank
run prevention by, 99, 108
compulsory
membership, 100-102
financial
crises and creation of, 103tab,
109box
as
financial safety net, 99
funding
for, 104
implicit
vs. explicit, 100-102
in
Latin America, 34, 101-104
limits
to coverage of, 108
and
market discipline, 111
and
moral hazard, 33, 88-89,
100
premiums
for, 103
private
systems for, 76, 104
recommendations
for, 100-101
in
times of crisis, 104-105
Depositors:
acting
on bank risk, 109-111
regulators
as representatives of, 85
response
of banks to, 111-112
role
in banking system soundness, 107
Deposits:
bank
fundamentals and changes in, 113fig
foreign-currency,
11, 16, 47,
49
freezing
of, 79
Devaluation, 51, 55-56
Developing economies:
bank
consolidation in, 119
collateral
in, 164
constraints
on banking crisis resolution, 69-71,
82
fear
of floating in, 87box
regulation
and supervision of banks in, 88
sudden
stops in, 42, 43tab
Development agencies, 147box
Development banks, 143-144,
146box, 150-153
Development view of state-owned banking, 141,
145, 157
Diversification, 21
Dollarization, financial:
alternatives
to, 56-57
banking
crises and, 39, 42-43,
45, 47
consequences of, 47, 63
currency
mismatches, 11, 50-52,
94-96, 97tab
distribution
of debt, 64-65
during
devaluation, 51
and
financial development, 58-60
forces
behind, 52-53
framework
for understanding of, 57box
as
insurance against price fluctuations, 59
of
liabilities, 13-16, 39,
42-43, 45,
47
macroeconomic
policy interactions with, 62-63
market
failures and excess of, 60-62
measurements
of, 49
for
mortgage financing, 218-219
MVP
model and, 58-60, 62
past
inflation as predictor of, 53-55
policy
recommendations, 63-65
price
indexing and, 64
Dominican Republic:
banking
collapse (2003), 20,
92, 93box
deposit
insurance, 103
state-owned
banks, 148
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